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Unix glossary.
This section provides short definitions of various concepts and
components of (or related to) Unix systems.
Chorus: message-passing microkernel, may form basis for a future release
of SV. Chorus already have SVR4 running on top (binary-compatible).
CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture).
COSE (Common Open Software Environment) [Sun, HP, IBM]: common look and
feel (Motif -- Sun will let OpenLook fade away), common API.
Reaction against Windows NT. See section 6.4 above.
DCE (Distributed Computing Environment, from OSF): Includes RPC (Apollo's
NCS), directory service (local based on DNS, global on X.500), time,
security, and threads services, DFS (distrib. file system), ....
OS-independent.
DME (Distributed Management Environment, from OSF): future.
DO (Distributed Objects [Enterprise]): ???.
FFS (Fast File System): from Berkeley, 1983. Equivalent (exact?) of
UFS in SunOS. Has notions such as cylinder groups, fragments.
FSF (Free Software Foundation)
Mach: modern kernels from CMU (Carnegie Mellon University) on which many
Unices and other OSs are based (e.g. OSF/1, MacMach, ...):
- 2.5: monolithic kernel with 4.2BSD
- 3.0: microkernel with BSD Unix server in user space (and other OSs,
e.g. MS-DOS)
Newsgroup: comp.os.mach
MFS (Memory File System):
NeWS (Network extensible Window System), from Sun?: PostScript-based,
networked, toolkits (and even clients) loaded in server. Part of
OpenWindows.
NFS (Network File System): contributed by Sun to BSD, stateless server
ONC (Open Network Computing): from Sun(?), includes RPC, name service
(NIS aka YP), NFS, ... (found in many Unices, other OSs).
OpenStep [NeXT, Sun]: ???
PowerOpen: both a standard, and an organization promoting PowerPC.
Involves IBM, Apple and Motorola; others? See section 6.4 above.
PowerPC (PPC): a RISC CPU chip [IBM, Motorola].
RFS (Remote File System): SV, stateful server, incompatible with NFS
RPC (Remote Procedure Call): high-level IPC (inter-process communication)
mechanism. Two flavors.
- ONC: Over TCP or UDP (later OSI), uses XDR to encode data.
- DCE: has a different RPC mechanism (based on Apollo's NCS)
S5 FS: System V's native file system, blocks 512 to 2K.
sockets: BSD interface mechanism to networks (compare TLI).
STREAMS: a message-passing kernel mechanism, initially in SVR3, which
provides a very good interface for protocol development.
TFS (Translucent File System): Sun, COW applied to files.
TLI (Transport Library Interface): SV's interface to transport services
(TCP, OSI). UI has also defined an APLI (ACSE/Presentation Library
Interface)
UFS (?): BSD's native file system as seen in SunOS, blocks 4K to 8K,
cylinder groups, fragments.
XTI (X/Open Transport Interface): TLI with enhancements
X11: pixel-oriented window system from MIT.
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